FDRC 2018 Annual Report

Notes to the Financial Statements 財務報表附註 (Expressed in Hong Kong dollars) （以港幣列示） Annual Report 2018 年度報告 53 2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued) (f) Deposits, prepayments and other receivables (continued) (B) Policy applicable prior to 1 January 2018 Impairment losses for bad and doubtful debts are recognised when there is objective evidence of impairment and are measured as the difference between the carrying amount of the financial asset and the estimated future cash flows, discounted at the asset’ s original effective interest rate where the effect of discounting is material. Objective evidence of impairment includes observable data that comes to the attention of the Company about events that have an impact on the asset’s estimated future cash flows such as significant financial difficulty of the debtor. Impairment losses for other receivables whose recovery is considered doubtful but not remote are recorded using an allowance account. When the Company is satisfied that recovery is remote, the amount considered irrecoverable is written off against the receivable directly and any amounts held in the allowance account relating to that debt are reversed. Subsequent recoveries of amounts previously charged to the allowance account are reversed against the allowance account. Other changes in the allowance account and subsequent recoveries of amounts previously written off directly are recognised in comprehensive income. (g) Receipts in advance, accruals and other payables Receipts in advance, accruals and other payables are initially recognised at fair value and are subsequently stated at amortised cost unless the effect of discounting would be immaterial, in which case they are stated at cost. (h) Cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at bank and on hand, demand deposits with banks and other financial institutions, and short-term, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value, having been within three months of maturity at acquisition. 2. 主要會計政策 （ 續 ） (f) 按金、預付款和其他應收款 （ 續 ） (B) 二零一八年一月一日前適用的政策 呆壞賬的減值虧損會於出現減值的客觀跡象時予 以確認。如折現影響重大，減值虧損是以金融資 產的賬面金額與以其初始實際利率折現的預計未 來現金流量之間的差額計量。減值的客觀證據包 括本公司注意到會對資產的預計未來現金流量有 影響的可觀察數據，例如債務人出現重大的財務 困難。 其他應收款的減值虧損的可收回性被視為可疑， 但不是可能性極低時，會採用準備賬來記錄。 當本公司認為收回的可能性極低時，被視為不可 收回的數額便會直接沖銷應收款，與該債項有關 而在準備賬內持有的任何數額也會轉回。其後收 回早前計入準備賬的數額會在準備賬轉回。準備 賬的其他變動和其後收回早前直接沖銷的數額均 在全面收益中確認。 (g) 預收款項、應計款項和其他應付款 預收款項、應計款項和其他應付款按公允價值初 始確認，其後按攤銷成本入賬；但如折現影響並 不重大，則按成本入賬。 (h) 現金和現金等價物 現金和現金等價物包括銀行存款和現金、存放於 銀行和其他金融機構的活期存款，以及短期和高 流動性的投資。這些投資可以隨時換算為已知的 現金額、價值變動方面的風險不大，並在購入後 3 個月內到期。